curl
一、安装
yum -y install curl
二、curl使用
1、指定ua
curl -A 'test-user-agent' http://httpbin.org/user-agent
curl -H 'User-Agent: ptest-user-agent' http://httpbin.org/user-agent
2、发送cookies
curl -b 'test=aaa' http://httpbin.org/cookies
curl -b 'test1=aaa;test2=bbb' http://httpbin.org/cookies
3、将获取的cookices 写入文件
curl -c cookies.txt https://www.baidu.com
4、指定POST请求的数据
curl -d 'login=user&password=123' https://www.example.com/login
curl --data-urlencode 'login=user&password=123' https://www.example.com/login
5、指定ref
curl -e 'https://google.com' https://www.baidu.com/
curl -H 'Referer: https://google.com?q=example' https://www.example.com
6、上传二进制文件
curl -F 'file=@test.png;type=image/png' https://www.example.com
指定服务器收到的名称
curl -F 'file=@test.png;filename=test2.png' https://www.example.com
7、跳过ssl检测
curl -k https://www.example.com
8、跟随重定向
curl -L http://baidu.com -v
9、限速
curl --limit-rate 200k http://www.example.com/files.txt
10、下载保存
curl -o test.txt http://www.example.com/files.txt
curl -O http://www.example.com/files.txt
11、隐藏错误信息
curl -s -o /dev/null https://www.example.com
12、只输出错误信息
curl -S https://www.example.com
13、debug
curl -v https://www.example.com
14、指定代理
curl -x user:pass@ip:port https://www.example.com
15、指定请求方式
curl -XGET http://www.example.com
GET\POST\DELETE\PUT\HEAD\PATCH
16、模拟跨域
curl -H 'Origin: http://foo.example' https://www.example.com -I
17、获取dns解析时间、响应时间、传输时间
curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{time_namelookup}:%{time_redirect}:%{time_pretransfer}:%{time_connect}:%{time_starttransfer}:%{time_total}:%{speed_download} http://httpbin.org/get
三、常见错误码信息
错误码 | 错误描述 |
---|---|
1 | Unsupported protocol. This build of curl has no support for this protocol. |
2 | Failed to initialize. |
3 | URL malformed. The syntax was not correct. |
5 | Couldn't resolve proxy. The given proxy host could not be resolved. |
6 | Couldn't resolve host. The given remote host was not resolved. |
7 | Failed to connect to host. |
8 | FTP weird server reply. The server sent data curl couldn't parse. |
9 | FTP access denied. The server denied login or denied access to the particular resource or directory you wanted to reach. Most often you tried to change to a directory that doesn't exist on the server. |
11 | FTP weird PASS reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to the PASS request. |
13 | FTP weird PASV reply, Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to the PASV request. |
14 | FTP weird 227 format. Curl couldn't parse the 227-line the server sent. |
15 | FTP can't get host. Couldn't resolve the host IP we got in the 227-line. |
17 | FTP couldn't set binary. Couldn't change transfer method to binary. |
18 | Partial file. Only a part of the file was transferred. |
19 | FTP couldn't download/access the given file, the RETR (or similar) command failed. |
21 | FTP quote error. A quote command returned error from the server. |
22 | HTTP page not retrieved. The requested url was not found or returned another error with the HTTP error code being 400 or above. This return code only appears if -f/--fail is used. |
23 | Write error. Curl couldn't write data to a local filesystem or similar. |
25 | FTP couldn't STOR file. The server denied the STOR operation, used for FTP uploading. |
26 | Read error. Various reading problems. |
27 | Out of memory. A memory allocation request failed. |
28 | Operation timeout. The specified time-out period was reached according to the conditions. |
30 | FTP PORT failed. The PORT command failed. Not all FTP servers support the PORT command, try doing a transfer using PASV instead! |
31 | FTP couldn't use REST. The REST command failed. This command is used for resumed FTP transfers. |
33 | HTTP range error. The range "command" didn't work. |
34 | HTTP post error. Internal post-request generation error. |
35 | SSL connect error. The SSL handshaking failed. |
36 | FTP bad download resume. Couldn't continue an earlier aborted download. |
37 | FILE couldn't read file. Failed to open the file. Permissions? |
38 | LDAP cannot bind. LDAP bind operation failed. |
39 | LDAP search failed. |
41 | Function not found. A required LDAP function was not found. |
42 | Aborted by callback. An application told curl to abort the operation. |
43 | Internal error. A function was called with a bad parameter. |
45 | Interface error. A specified outgoing interface could not be used. |
47 | Too many redirects. When following redirects, curl hit the maximum amount. |
48 | Unknown TELNET option specified. |
49 | Malformed telnet option. |
51 | The peer's SSL certificate or SSH MD5 fingerprint was not ok. |
52 | The server didn't reply anything, which here is considered an error. |
53 | SSL crypto engine not found. |
54 | Cannot set SSL crypto engine as default. |
55 | Failed sending network data. |
56 | Failure in receiving network data. |
58 | Problem with the local certificate. |
59 | Couldn't use specified SSL cipher. |
60 | Peer certificate cannot be authenticated with known CA certificates. |
61 | Unrecognized transfer encoding. |
62 | Invalid LDAP URL. |
63 | Maximum file size exceeded. |
64 | Requested FTP SSL level failed. |
65 | Sending the data requires a rewind that failed. |
66 | Failed to initialize SSL Engine. |
67 | The user name, password, or similar was not accepted and curl failed to log in. |
68 | File not found on TFTP server. |
69 | Permission problem on TFTP server. |
70 | Out of disk space on TFTP server. |
71 | Illegal TFTP operation. |
72 | Unknown TFTP transfer ID. |
73 | File already exists (TFTP). |
74 | No such user (TFTP). |
75 | Character conversion failed. |
76 | Character conversion functions required. |
77 | Problem with reading the SSL CA cert (path? access rights?). |
78 | The resource referenced in the URL does not exist. |
79 | An unspecified error occurred during the SSH session. |
80 | Failed to shut down the SSL connection. |
82 | Could not load CRL file, missing or wrong format (added in 7.19.0). |
83 | Issuer check failed (added in 7.19.0). |
XX | More error codes will appear here in future releases. The existing ones are meant to never change. |