Vagrant 使用手册

一、安装vagrant

wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/vagrant/2.1.1/vagrant_2.1.1_x86_64.rpm --no-check-certificate

rpm -ivh vagrant_2.1.1_x86_64.rpm

二、安装virtuabox

yum -y install kernel-devel

wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/5.2.12/VirtualBox-5.2-5.2.12_122591_el6-1.x86_64.rpm --no-check-certificate

yum localinstall  VirtualBox-5.2-5.2.12_122591_el6-1.x86_64.rpm 

三、配置虚拟机

#添加镜像    
vagrant box add NAME FILE

#初始化Vagrantfile 文件
vagrant init NAME

#启动虚拟机
vagrant up

#登录虚拟机
vagrant ssh
or

ssh -p 2222 127.0.0.1

四、打包镜像

#查看状态
vagrant status

#关闭虚拟机
vagrant halt

#打包镜像
vagrant package NAME --output NAME.box --vagrantfile Vagrantfile

五、Vagrantfile 配置文件详解

1、box 设置

config.vm.box = "XXX"

2、虚拟机名称设置

config.vm.hostname = "XXX"

3、网络设置

#host-only网络
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"


#桥接网络
config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.160.200"

4、虚拟机主机名设置

config.vm.hostname = "XXX"

5、共享目录设置

config.vm.synced_folder "/tmp", "/vagrant_data"

6、端口转发

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 81

六、虚拟机初始化脚本

• 方法一：

config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
   yum install -y httpd
SHELL

• 方法二：

vim install_httpd.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
yum install -y httpd


config.vm.provision "shell", path: "install_httpd.sh"

七、初始化

1、shell

略

2、ansible

略

3、salt

略

附录：

常用命令：

vagrant up          启动  
vagrant halt        关闭
vagrant reload      重启
vagrant provision   重新加载
vagrant suspend     挂起
vagrant resume      恢复挂起
vagrant destroy     删除
vagrant status      查看状态


vagrant global-status           查看环境
vagrant global-status --prune   删除环境

vagrant init            初始化
vagrant ssh             ssh登录虚拟机
vagrant box             镜像管理

例子：创建3台web 服务器

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|

    #demo1
    config.vm.define :web1 do |web1|
        config.vm.box = "centos65"
        config.vm.hostname = "web1"
        config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 81
        config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.160.201"
        config.vm.synced_folder "/tmp", "/vagrant_data"
        config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
            v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "web1", "--memory", "512"]
        end
        config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
            yum install -y httpd
        SHELL
    end

    config.vm.define :web2 do |web2|
        config.vm.box = "centos65"
        config.vm.hostname = "web2"
        config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 82
        config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.160.202"
        config.vm.synced_folder "/tmp", "/vagrant_data"
        config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
            v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "web2", "--memory", "512"]
        end
        config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
            yum install -y httpd
        SHELL
    end

    config.vm.define :web3 do |web3|
        config.vm.box = "centos65"
        config.vm.hostname = "web3"
        config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 83
        config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.160.203"
        config.vm.synced_folder "/tmp", "/vagrant_data"
        config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
            v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "web3", "--memory", "512"]
        end
        config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
            yum install -y httpd
        SHELL

    end
end

官方文档： https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/index.html